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From two observatories to one legacy
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The modern Shanghai Astronomical Observatory unites two historic institutions: Xujiahui Observatory and Sheshan Observatory.
Xujiahui Observatory, founded in 1872 near the tomb of Xu Guangqi 鈥 Shanghai鈥檚 earliest astronomer 鈥 has a legacy steeped in history. Xu co-translated 鈥淓uclid鈥檚 Elements鈥 with Matteo Ricci in 1607, introducing Western science to China. Starting in 1882, the observatory issued China鈥檚 first coastal weather forecasts and later collaborated with Greenwich Observatory on lunar occultation studies, marking the dawn of modern astronomical research in China.
By the late 19th century, French astronomer Marc de Chastelain and his colleagues raised funds to commission the 40-centimeter telescope from Paris, initially destined for Xujiahui. The area鈥檚 soft soil proved unsuitable, prompting the construction of Sheshan Observatory. Chastelain, the observatory鈥檚 first director, was a tireless scientist who documented every clear night between 1900 and 1925, leaving behind a treasure trove of observations and photographs.
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