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Education reforms in new millennium
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CHINA has been reforming its education system for many years. Here’s a timeline of the progress.
Around 2000
Some provinces and cities began to hold college entrance exam in the springtime, in addition to the traditional exam in summer. It gave students who failed the exam the previous summer another chance to succeed. In some cities, including Shanghai, a spring exam is available to graduating high school students.
2002
The State Council, China’s cabinet, implemented plans to develop vocational education, placing it as a priority in the Five-Year Plan ended in 2005. It called for expansion of vocational training and urged enterprises to join hands with vocational schools so that students were trained for jobs in demand.
2007
The Ministry of Education promoted sports programs to improve the health of students. Schools were asked to reduce stress on students by ensuring that they had at least one hour of physical exercise a day and two to four physical education classes a week.
2009
The Ministry of Education focused on special education for disabled people, with an emphasis on training handicapped students to prepare them for further study or work.
2012
The Ministry of Education urged local governments to take steps to ensure that migrant children were accommodated in urban schools, opening education to those without hukou, or permanent residency certificates.
2014
The State Council launched reforms in school admissions in an effort to build a comprehensive system with standard categories of tests, evaluations and admission criteria. Admission was to be based on more considerations than just exams. Discussions are still ongoing about how the gaokao, or national college entrance exam, could be reformed after nearly 40 years in use. Questions center on its trickle-down effects on primary and secondary education.
2015
Under its innovation policy, the government began encouraging start-up businesses. Researchers and students at universities are to be allowed to pause in their work if they want to start up a company. Schools are also asked to promote innovation and creativity in their curricula.
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