How did old-time Shanghainese learn ‘Yangjingbang English?’
Print Edition
ANNOTATED English Book
After the 1851 Taiping Rebellion, Ningbo traders dominated Shanghai’s concessions. They printed English Pronunciation with Ningbo Dialect Annotations in 1860, which became an important origin of Yangjingbang English.
Gateway to English
In 1874, Shanghai native Cao Xiang produced Ying Zi Ru Men, replacing Ningbo pronunciation glosses with Shanghainese ones. Rather than a mere phrase book, it was arranged in 70 lessons covering structure, grammar, spelling, pronunciation and study techniques. It is generally regarded as the first English textbook written by a Chinese author for Chinese learners.
The Foreign Service Book
This manual was indispensable for those working in foreign firms or department stores at the time in Shanghai. It collected Yangjingbang English for daily life, office work and social occasions — pronounced with a thick Shanghai accent.
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