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November 29, 2013

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Camels may be the reservoir for MERS virus, scientists say

Scientists have found cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in camels in Qatar, health officials said yesterday.

It fueled speculation camels might be the animal reservoir that allowed the virus to infect and kill humans.

The coronavirus was found in three camels in a herd in a barn also linked to two human cases of MERS infection. The disease emerged in the Middle East last year.

“The three camels were investigated among a herd of 14 camels, and the samples were collected as part of the epidemiological investigation,” Qatar’s Supreme Council of Health said in a statement.

It added the two people linked to the barn had since recovered from the virus. Scientists around the world have been seeking to pin down the animal source of MERS virus infections since the first human cases were confirmed.

British researchers who conducted some of the very first genetic analyses on MERS last September said the virus, which is from the same family as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, was also related to a virus found in bats.

WHO spokesman Gregory Hartl said there was still insufficient evidence to say for sure what the source of the human MERS infections was.

“Neither camels nor bats can yet be said to be reservoir of MERS,” he said.

Ab Osterhaus, a professor of virology at the Erasmus Medical Center in The Netherlands that worked on the camel study, said the results were confirmed by a range of tests including sequencing and antibody testing.

Dutch scientists said in August they had found strong evidence the MERS virus is widespread among one-humped dromedary camels in the Middle East — suggesting people who become infected may be catching it from camels used for meat, milk, transport and racing.

Saudi officials said this month a camel there had tested positive for MERS a few days after its owner was confirmed to have the virus.

The World Health Organization said in its latest MERS update on November 22 that of the 176 laboratory confirmed and probable human cases to date, 69 people, or 40 percent, had died.

Human cases of MERS, which can cause coughing, fever and pneumonia, have been reported in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Tunisia, France, Germany, Spain, Italy and Britain.

Osterhaus, whose team worked with Qatar’s Health and Environment Ministries on the study, said “no more details can be disclosed” about the findings at this stage since a scientific paper was in the process of being prepared.

 




 

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