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Japanese banks caught in yakuza scandal
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Japanese mobsters driving flash cars purchased with bank loans. Executives bowing in apology for lending millions to those underworld figures. And high-level officials vowing to squash the crime syndicates, known as yakuza.
Japan Inc is engulfed in its worst mob scandal in years and it’s shining a rare light on the links between big business and shadowy organized crime groups usually known for low-brow ventures like extortion and loan sharking.
But with membership falling as police ratchet up a crackdown, experts say the yakuza are branching far outside their traditional business into everything from insider trading to funding business startups.
“Insider trading has become huge — you can make much more money manipulating stocks” than extorting businesses, says Jake Adelstein, a crime writer whose bestselling memoir “Tokyo Vice” is set to become a Hollywood movie.
Adelstein, a former reporter at Japan’s top-selling Yomiuri daily, likens the Yamaguchi-gumi, Japan’s biggest organized crime group, to “Goldman Sachs with guns.”
Many mobsters — forever associated with full-body tattoos and lopped-off pinky fingers — have now ditched that tough guy persona in favor of tailored suits and clean-cut look that could pass in any boardroom, Adelstein said.
“They’re savvy investors,” he added. “They like to gamble.”
The yakuza occupy a grey area in Japan’s usually law-abiding society.
They are both feared and loathed as social outcasts, while they’re revered in equal measure through film, fanzines and manga cartoons.
Like the Italian mafia, the yakuza engage in activities ranging from gambling, drugs, and prostitution to loan sharking, protection rackets and other illegal ventures often run through front companies.
But unlike their foreign counterparts, yakuza are legal groups with offices in major Japanese cities, and they have historically been tolerated by authorities, although there are periodic clampdowns on some of their less savory activities.
In fact, the Yamaguchi-gumi helped dole out food after a major quake in the western city of Kobe in 1995.
‘Sophisticated methods’
But Tokyo is now under intense pressure from abroad to clamp down on yakuza and their money laundering, as the US Treasury Department works to freeze the overseas assets of top Japanese crime groups which it says make “billions of dollars annually in illicit proceeds.”
The crackdown at home has intensified after Mizuho Bank said in September that it had lent money to organized crime members, an admission subsequently repeated by at least four other major lenders including Japan’s biggest bank, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group.
Sometimes loans were legitimately used by gangsters to buy foreign sports cars or other expensive items, while in other cases the vehicle was quickly sold on the black market with the loan never paid back.
The scandal at Mizuho worsened after it initially said top executives knew nothing about the loans, only to backtrack on that claim as a company-commissioned report blasted its laissez-faire compliance.
Mizuho later said more than 50 executives would be punished with its chief executive foregoing pay for six months.
But the latest admissions are not a first for the country’s banks, a big source of concern among police wary of sharing details of investigations with mob-linked firms, experts say.
“It is baffling that Mizuho board members failed to act,” said Toshihiko Kubo, professor of financial law at Ritsumeikan University.
“Once they learned that loan recipients were related to the mob, they should have taken immediate action.”
Major lenders are routinely approached by those with links to organized crime looking to raise money, said an anti-yakuza campaigner in Tokyo, echoing calls from Finance Minister Taro Aso, among others, to tighten banking rules.
“Crime syndicates ... are out to make money, and they’ll use whatever means available,” said the campaigner, who asked not to be identified.
“Many companies are trying not to deal with organized crime ... But it’s difficult to filter everything because their methods are also becoming sophisticated.”
Earlier this year, the Japan Securities Dealers Association launched a database to help keep those with mob links out of the country’s now-sizzling stock market.
On paper, the police crackdown appears headed in the right direction with yakuza membership down by about 28 percent to 63,000 in 2012 from a decade ago, according to police data.
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