David Gulpilil, a pioneering Aboriginal actor
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Australia鈥檚 most acclaimed Indigenous actor, David Gulpilil, died of lung cancer last week. He was 68 years old.
Gulpilil found his widest audiences with his roles in the 1986 hit film 鈥淐rocodile Dundee鈥 and in director Baz Luhrmann鈥檚 2008 epic 鈥淎ustralia鈥 in a career that spanned five decades. He was often described as a bridge between Indigenous Australia and the outside world who never fit comfortably in either place.
鈥淚t is with deep sadness that I share with the people of South Australia the passing of an iconic, once-in-a-generation artist who shaped the history of Australian film and Aboriginal representation on screen,鈥 South Australia state Premier Steven Marshall said.
An accomplished didgeridoo player, Gulpilil mixed with Jimi Hendrix and Bob Marley. He was feted in New York and Paris. He also spent periods of his life as an itinerant drinking and sleeping in parks in the northern Australian city of Darwin and stints in prison for alcohol-fueled offenses.
Gulpilil was born on tribal land in the sparsely populated wilds of the Australian northern frontier in the early 1950s, his friend and caregiver Mary Hood said. His date of birth was recorded as July 1, 1953, a guesswork date set by local missionaries.
First contacts between Indigenous Australians and the outside world were becoming rare but continued in the remote Outback for another 30 years from the time of Gulpilil鈥檚 birth. Family groups followed in nomadic traditions unaware their land had been colonized by Britain two centuries earlier.
Gulpilil said he never saw a European Australian until he was 8 years old and considered English his sixth language, his biographer Derek Rielly wrote. The other 13 were Indigenous dialects. Gulpilil鈥檚 Christian name was foisted upon him at school.
Gulpilil was a 16-year-old ceremonial dancer performing in the Indigenous mission of Maningrida in 1969 when he met British director Nicolas Roeg, who was scouting for filming locations. Gulpilil starred in Roeg鈥檚 acclaimed 1971 movie 鈥淲alkabout鈥 as a lone youth wandering the Outback as part of a tribal rite of passage, who comes across and rescues two lost British children. The British siblings were played by a teenage Jenny Agutter, who later found fame in Hollywood, and the director鈥檚 7-year-old son, Lucien.
Roles followed in popular movies 鈥淪torm Boy鈥 in 1976 and 鈥淭he Last Wave鈥 in 1977.
His final role was the remake of 鈥淪torm Boy鈥 in 2019, in which he played the father of the central character in the original, Fingerbone Bill.
Gulpilil recalled learning to binge on alcohol and drugs from counter-culture icon Dennis Hopper, who played the starring role in the 1976 movie about a 19th-century Australian outlaw, 鈥淢ad Dog Morgan.鈥 The 22-year-old Indigenous actor had third billing on the film after Hopper and Jack Thompson, a stalwart in Australian cinema.
Gulpilil won multiple best-actor awards for the 2002 Rolf de Herr-directed movie 鈥淭he Tracker,鈥 in which he played one of the many Indigenous men that Australian police routinely used as trackers of fugitives in the Outback.
Weeks before the movie was released, journalists visited him in the small Indigenous community of Ramingining on his crocodile-infested tropical tribal land. He was living in a hut with his then-partner, Indigenous painter Robyn Djunginy, without power or running water.
They cooked kangaroo meat and fish over an open fire beneath a scrap iron roof. Hunting spears were slung from a rafter and Gulpilil kept a wooden Indigenous fighting club known as a nulla nulla for self-protection.
鈥淚 was brought up in a tin shed. I wandered all over the world 鈥 Paris, New York 鈥 now I鈥檓 back in a tin shed,鈥 Gulpilil said.
He presented himself as a victim of his own celebrity and his own people鈥檚 misunderstanding of his position in the wider world.
鈥淧eople say to me: You鈥檙e a big name. You have money. Why don鈥檛 you buy yourself a house; get out of Ramingining?鈥 he said.
鈥淭his is my country. I belong here, and I鈥檓 broke,鈥 he added.
Exactly why he was broke was not clear. He was vague about how much he earned over the years, and wealth in Australian Indigenous society is communal, tending to permeate through relatives and friends.
Back then, Gulpilil liked to drink beer, smoke marijuana and take kava. But because all three were banned in Ramingining, he avoided some of the temptations of city life excesses.
Gulpilil鈥檚 friend and caregiver, Hood, first met him in 2006 at the Darwin premiere of 鈥淭en Canoes,鈥 the first feature-length movie in an Australian Indigenous language.
Gulpilil narrated the movie and his son, Jamie Gulpilil, was part of the cast that was mostly drawn from Ramingining.
鈥淲hen I first met him, I saw a real kindness,鈥 Hood said. She acknowledged there was also a 鈥渄ark鈥 side.
A Darwin judge sentenced Gulpilil in 2011 to a year in prison for breaking the arm of his then-partner, indigenous artist Miriam Ashley, during a drunken argument in a Darwin home. He used his time in prison to turn his life away from alcohol and cannabis.
Hood regularly visited Gulpilil in prison. He was released to live with her and, for a time, Ashley at Hood鈥檚 Darwin home while on parole. He eventually followed Hood to Murray Bridge in South Australia state, 3,500 kilometers from Ramingining and his traditional country.
Hood became his caregiver after he was diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer in 2017.
He is survived by his sisters Mary and Evonne, daughters Makia and Phoebe, and sons Jamie and Jida. Director Peter Weir said during an interview in New York in 1977 while promoting his supernatural thriller 鈥淭he Last Wave鈥 that Gulpilil had created untold personal tensions by straddling two disparate cultures.
鈥淗e鈥檚 enigmatic. He鈥檚 an actor, a dancer, a musician. He鈥檚 a tribal man, initiated in the tribal ways,鈥 Weir said. 鈥淗e has a foot in both cultures. It鈥檚 an enormous strain on the man.鈥
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