Terracotta Army set for expansion
Print Edition
CHINA is expanding the ranks of its famed Terracotta Army with new excavations expected to yield hundreds more of the ancient life-size figures.
The museum overseeing the vast mausoleum of China’s first emperor says it began work on March 30 on the tomb’s No. 2 pit that is smaller in scale but believed to be richer in archaeological value than the already excavated No. 1 pit.
Along with 1,400 warrior and horse statues, the pit is believed to contain 89 war chariots and 116 mounted soldiers, offering invaluable insights into the military culture of the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC), the museum said. “The No. 2 pit contains the true essence of the Terracotta Army,” the museum’s former curator was quoted as saying.
Discovered in 1974, the army is one of China’s biggest tourist draws, attracting hundreds of thousands of visitors annually.
In recent years, the warriors have joined the giant panda as a tool of Chinese “soft power,” with several batches being exhibited overseas.
The army was built to guard the tomb of the first Qin emperor, Qin Shihuang, who died in 210 BC after conquering much of what is now modern China.
In all, the tomb’s three pits are thought to hold more than 8,000 figures of archers, infantry soldiers, mounted cavalry, horse-drawn chariots, officers, acrobats, musicians and others.
The pits are adjacent to the emperor’s mausoleum that lies under a 76-meter mound and remains unexcavated as experts debate the pros and cons of doing so.
Ancient accounts tell of a complex of chambers, including underground rivers filled with mercury, and the remains of craftsmen and imperial concubines sealed alive in the tomb with the dead emperor.
The terracotta statues weigh about 180 kilograms each and range in height up to 183-195 centimeters depending on rank. Generals are the tallest.
Originally brightly painted, they are intricately detailed with armor, top knots, weapons and boots. No two figures are alike, and craftsmen are believed to have modeled them after a real army.
Qin built a system of roads and canals along with an early incarnation of the Great Wall of China while unifying measurements and establishing a single written language, currency and legal statutes.
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