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Widening wealth gap weakens civil rights gains in US
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IN the 50 years since the Rev Dr Martin Luther King Jr articulated the dream of a generation, the US has seen significant progress toward the ideal of racial equality. But the other half of King’s vision — economic equity for all Americans — remains sadly unfulfilled.
America’s wealth and income gaps have grown to shocking proportions, in no small part due to federal tax and spending policies that have betrayed the great civil rights leader’s ardent hopes for a better society. To many, the quest for economic equality represents the last great frontier in civil rights.
Legally mandated racial segregation in the American South has been dismantled. African-Americans have come to occupy positions of power and influence, from the boardroom, to the statehouse and the White House. When I was first sworn into the House of Representatives in 1965, I joined just five other African-American members; today, there are 43.
Yet, there is need for continued vigilance. But the most obvious failure to achieve equality is in the economic realm. With a few exceptions, US income inequality has consistently worsened since reaching a low in 1968, according to the Congressional Budget Office and the US Census Bureau.
Over that same period, the average African-American household continued to earn about 60 percent of the average white household. The percentage of Americans living in poverty — after dropping to 11 percent in the years immediately following Dr King’s 1963 speech — was back to 15 percent in 2011.
Wealth disparities are even more glaring. While the wealthiest 1 percent — just over a million households — owned more than one-third of America’s wealth in 2007, the bottom 80 percent — almost 89 million households — owned only 15 percent. In 2010, the median white household had eight times the assets of the median black household, according to the Urban Institute.
While several factors have contributed to these troubling financial disparities, researchers have determined that roughly one-third of this escalating income inequality can be attributed to our skewed tax system and cuts to public services and benefits.
An unfair budget policy contributes to economic inequality in different ways.
First, lower tax rates for the wealthy and numerous tax loopholes for large corporations keep money in the pockets of those who need it least. Then, the resulting decline in tax revenue causes Washington to slash investments in everything from job training to education to mass transit — the very resources American families need to pull through tough times and get ahead over the long-term.
To help close these economic gaps, we need reformed tax and spending policies that require everyone to pay a fair share. Dr King understood that civil rights included economic rights, and that we can never truly form a more perfect union until income, wealth and opportunity are made more equal.
US Representative John Conyers Jr (Michigan Democrat), dean of the Congressional Black Caucus, is serving his 25th term in Congress. He is the only member of Congress ever endorsed by Dr Martin Luther King Jr. Copyright: American Forum.
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