Pregnant reptile from 245m years ago
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A FOSSIL unearthed in southwest China shows a pregnant long-necked marine reptile that lived millions of years before the dinosaurs with its developing embryo, indicating that the creature gave birth to live babies rather than laying eggs.
Scientists said the fossil of fish-eating reptile Dinocephalosaurus, which lived about 245 million years ago, changes the understanding of the evolution of vertebrate reproductive systems.
Mammals and some reptiles including certain snakes and lizards are viviparous, meaning they give birth to live young.
Dinocephalosaurus is the first member of a broad vertebrate group called archosauromorphs that includes birds, crocodilians, dinosaurs and extinct flying reptiles known as pterosaurs known to give birth this way, paleontologist Liu Jun of China’s Hefei University of Technology said.
It boasted one of the longest necks relative to body size of any animal that ever existed. Dinocephalosaurus, unearthed in Yunnan Province, was an estimated 4 meters long, including a slender neck roughly 1.7 meters long, Liu said. It had paddle-like flippers, a small head and a mouth with teeth, including large canines, perfect for snaring fish.
“I think you’d be amazed to see it, with its tiny head and long snaky neck,” said University of Bristol paleontologist Mike Benton, who also participated in the research published in the journal Nature Communications.
Not laying eggs provided advantages to Dinocephalosaurus, the researchers said. It indicated the creature was fully marine, not having to leave the ocean to lay eggs on land like sea turtles, exposing the eggs or hatchlings to land predators.
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