United Nations urges end to hostilities
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HEAVY fighting involving tanks and helicopters raged in South Sudan yesterday between troops loyal to the president and those backing the vice president, risking a return to civil war and further instability in a turbulent and poor region of Africa.
Clashes between the forces of President Salva Kiir and Riek Machar — the former rebel leader who became vice president under a deal that ended a two-year civil war — have killed hundreds of people since they broke out in the capital Juba four days ago.
The violence intensified early yesterday. Two helicopters were seen firing in the direction of Machar’s headquarters, while residents reported tanks on the street. A United Nations official said heavy gunfire had erupted around UN bases where hundreds of civilians had fled to shelter.
The fighting broke out last week as the world’s newest nation prepared to mark five years of independence from Sudan at the weekend. On Sunday, the UN Security Council demanded Kiir and Machar rein in their forces and end the clashes.
It was not immediately clear what the objective of either side was, but the violence has raised fears of a return to the civil war that erupted in late 2013 and broadly ran along ethnic lines, pitting Kiir, an ethnic Dinka, against Machar, a Nuer.
The conflict killed thousands of people, forced more than 2.5 million people from their homes and left almost half the population of 11 million people struggling to find food. Oil production, by far the biggest source of government revenue, has plummeted.
A new flare-up risks driving yet more people to refugee camps in neighboring nations and further destabilizing a region in the center of Africa already plagued by myriad woes.
Central African Republic is riven by conflict, the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo contends with militias and rebel groups, and Burundi is embroiled in a violent political crisis.
Much is not clear about the latest violence in Juba, where mobile communication is unreliable and officials have proved difficult to contact. This includes whether either side is gaining an upper hand or how much control Kiir and Machar have over their forces.
Machar blamed the president for a heavy helicopter bombardment of his forces yesterday.
“This tells (us) that our partner is not interested in peace,” he wrote on Twitter, but he also said he had not lost hope for the future of a nation that “needs all of us.”
“I urge calm and restraint throughout these skirmishes. I’m safe. No one should take laws in their own hands to destabilize this country,” he added.
There was no immediate comment from Kiir’s side. On Sunday, the president’s information minister Michael Makuei had said the situation was under control and urged people to return home.
There has been no official death toll but at least five soldiers died on Thursday and a health ministry source said 272 people, including 33 civilians, were killed on Friday alone.
United Nations mission UNMISS said gunfire erupted yesterday around the UN headquarters in the Jebel area of Juba and also around a base near the airport. UN bases were hit by small arms and heavy weapons on Sunday.
“We urge an end to these hostilities and hope they (political leaders) will return back to taking up all the action points of the peace agreement,” UNMISS spokeswoman Shantal Persaud told reporters.
The UN Security Council, after Sunday’s emergency meeting, told the two leaders to “do their utmost to control their respective forces, urgently end the fighting and prevent the spread of violence” and commit themselves to their peace deal.
It said attacks on civilians, UN personnel and UN premises might amount to war crimes that would need investigation.
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