鈥榃hat, really, is essential?鈥 vary between states
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The coronavirus pandemic is defining for the globe what鈥檚 鈥渆ssential鈥 and what things we really can鈥檛 do without, even though we might not need them for survival.
Attempting to slow the spread of the virus, authorities in many places are determining what shops and services can remain open. They鈥檙e also restricting citizens from leaving their homes. Stay-at-home orders or guidance are affecting more than one-fifth of the world鈥檚 population.
This has left many contemplating an existential question: What, really, is essential?
Whether it is in Asia, Europe, Africa or the United States, there鈥檚 general agreement: Health care workers, law enforcement, utility workers, food production and communications are generally exempt from lockdowns. But some lists of exempted activities reflect a national identity, or the efforts of lobbyists.
In some US states, golf, guns and ganja have been ruled essential, raising eyebrows and 鈥 in the case of guns 鈥 a good deal of ire.
In many places, booze is also on the list of essentials. Britain at first kept liquor stores off its list of businesses allowed to remain open, but after reports of supermarkets running out of beer, wine and spirits, the government quickly added them.
鈥淩ecent events clearly demonstrate that the process of designating 鈥榚ssential services鈥 is as much about culture as any legal-political reality about what is necessary to keep society functioning,鈥 said Christopher McKnight Nichols, associate professor of history at Oregon State University.
Countries including India and US are listing the information technology sector as essential.
The world鈥檚 dependency on the Internet has become more apparent as people confined to their homes communicate, stream movies and play games online to stave off cabin fever.
Connecticut Governor Ned Lamont added gun shops to his list of essential businesses, generating dismay among families of gun violence victims. His spokesman Max Reiss said Lamont is trying not to overly disrupt commerce or interfere with legal rights.
There is a lot of variation across the US because a national stay-at-home order has not been issued, said Benjamin Clark, associate professor of public policy and management at the University of Oregon.
鈥淲e end up with places making up the rules that are culturally or geographically specific. This is why we see so much variation, and potential risk.鈥
In Europe, the current epicenter of the pandemic, Italy has the most stringent rules, with only essential businesses such as food shops and pharmacies remaining open.
Britain, which was initially reluctant to shut down business, has issued orders to close nonessential operations. Restaurants and eateries must be shut, but Britons can still get fish and chips and other meals, as takeaways.
In France, shops specializing in pastry, wine and cheese have been declared essential businesses.
In a nod to Israel鈥檚 vibrant religious life, people can gather for outdoor prayers 鈥 with a maximum of 10 worshipers standing 2 meters apart.
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