The shapes and sizes of fans that inspired generations of artists
Print Edition
HAND fans have a history of more than 3,000 years in China. Initially they were used simply as a tool for rituals among the royal class instead of its stated purpose — that is to beat the heat.
Today it has developed into almost 20 categories with more than a dozen different styles with materials varying from paper to silk, feather, straw, wood, bamboo, gemstones and many others.
Folding fans were appreciated by scholars and aristocrats in ancient times as they combined Chinese calligraphy, painting and carving into a small space, and were easy to carry. It is believed to have been introduced to China from Japan during the Song Dynasty (960-1279).
Legend has it that the Japanese were inspired by the bat’s wings. As the fans could be easily folded and carried, they soon became a fashion statement during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).
The folding fans are like a piece of handicraft decorated with beautifully carved ribs and precious gems.
The full-moon-shaped round fans were the first to arrive on the scene. The round shape suggested reunion and completion in Chinese culture. They were made of silk with delicate embroidery, making them a hot property among the young ladies. Later, the round fan took on many different shapes such as oval flat round, or sometimes the shape of a Chinese plum flower or sunflower.
Sandalwood fan originated in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. When waved, it gave out a natural, light fragrance along with the cool breeze. Kept in a wardrobe, it could dispel moths and mold.
Feather fans often used the feathers of eagles, wild goose or ducks nesting in the reeds around the Hongze Lake in Jiangsu Province and Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province. Its ribs are linked with agates, amber or peals. Peacocks feathers are used as a stage prop in folk dancing.
Cattail leaf fans are the most popular one. They were cheap but folksy in the entire fan family. A cattail leaf fan in a mother’s hand, humming a sweet lullaby on a summer night, has been ingrained in our memory for generations.
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