Fifth economic census results unveiled, 2023 GDP revised
Print Edition
China yesterday published the results of its fifth national economic census, showing the economy has achieved progress while maintaining stability over the past five years.
The census results reflected that China has witnessed a significant increase in the number of entities and persons employed in secondary and tertiary industries, Kang Yi, head of the National Bureau of Statistics, said at a press conference in Beijing.
China had 33.27 million legal units engaged in secondary and tertiary industries at the end of 2023, up 52.7 percent from the end of 2018.
The secondary and tertiary industries employed over 428.98 million people at the end of 2023, up 11.9 percent compared with the end of 2018. The number of self-employed units was nearly 88 million with 179.56 million persons employed, according to the results.
Meanwhile, China’s 2023 gross domestic product has been revised to 129.4 trillion yuan (US$18 trillion), official data showed yesterday.
The amount represents an increase of 3.4 trillion yuan from the preliminary calculation, as per NBS data.
China’s annual GDP goes through two rounds of accounting: preliminary calculation and final verification. The final verification is conducted based on annual statistical data, final fiscal accounts, and departmental administrative records.
Revising GDP data is an international practice, and it is also a long-standing practice in Chinese government statistics, deputy NBS head Lin Tao said, adding that work to revise the 2023 GDP of provincial-level regions is ongoing, with results to be unveiled in 2025.
Technological innovation
The fifth national economic census, meanwhile, has included the digital economy for the first time.
The capacity for technological innovation, as well as labor productivity, has continued to improve, said Kang, adding that the industrial structure has been optimized, and the digital economy has seen robust growth.
China had 2.92 million corporate enterprises engaged in the core industries of the digital economy, with 36.16 million persons employed as of the end of 2023.
The total yearly business revenue for the core industries of the digital economy reached 48.45 trillion yuan. Among the corporate enterprises, 262,000 were engaged in digital products manufacturing, 274,000 were in the digital product services sector, 1.43 million in the digital technology application industry and 950,000 in industries driven by digital factors.
A total of 14.61 million individuals were employed in digital technology application firms during this period, ranking first in terms of proportion in the total employees for the core industries of digital economy in 2023.
This was followed by 13.37 million employed in digital products manufacturing firms, 6.66 million in industries driven by digital factors and 1.52 million in digital product service companies, the data showed.
Also, digital product manufacturing enterprises logged 2023’s highest business revenue of 20.48 trillion yuan. Digital technology application firms saw 14.04 trillion yuan in business revenue, followed by industries driven by digital factors with 9.74 trillion yuan, and the digital product services sector (4.18 trillion yuan).
Core industries of the digital economy involve economic activities that provide digital technologies, products, services, infrastructure and solutions, as well as those completely dependent on digital technologies and data elements.
The economic census, one of China’s key national surveys, provides a comprehensive overview of the country’s secondary and tertiary industries, offering valuable insights into its social and economic development.
China carried out four national economic censuses in 2004, 2008, 2013 and 2018, and formally began its fifth census in 2023. To ensure the authenticity and reliability of census data, Kang said a plan for the economic census had been formulated scientifically.
The post-enumeration check, sampling 21,000 units, 1,099 enumeration areas, and 249 county-level regions from 31 provincial-level regions, showed that the combined error rate was 0.47 percent, which met the standard for data quality.
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